使用Redis有序集合实现IP归属地查询详解

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-


import time
import socket
import struct

IP_REGION_FILE = './data/ip_to_region.db'

SUPER_BLOCK_LENGTH = 8
INDEX_BLOCK_LENGTH = 12
HEADER_INDEX_LENGTH = 8192


def generate_db_file():
  pointer = SUPER_BLOCK_LENGTH + HEADER_INDEX_LENGTH

  region, index = '', ''

  # 文件格式
  # 1.0.0.0|1.0.0.255|澳大利亚|0|0|0|0
  # 1.0.1.0|1.0.3.255|中国|0|福建省|福州市|电信
  with open('./ip.merge.txt', 'r') as f:
    for line in f.readlines():
      item = line.strip().split('|')
      print item[0], item[1], item[2], item[3], item[4], item[5], item[6]
      start_ip = struct.pack('I', struct.unpack('!L', socket.inet_aton(item[0]))[0])
      end_ip = struct.pack('I', struct.unpack('!L', socket.inet_aton(item[1]))[0])
      region_item = '|'.join([item[2], item[3], item[4], item[5], item[6]])
      region += region_item

      ptr = struct.pack('I', int(bin(len(region_item))[2:].zfill(8) + bin(pointer)[2:].zfill(24), 2))
      index += start_ip + end_ip + ptr
      pointer += len(region_item)

  index_start_ptr = pointer
  index_end_ptr = pointer + len(index) - 12
  super_block = struct.pack('I', index_start_ptr) + struct.pack('I', index_end_ptr)

  n = 0
  header_index = ''
  for index_block in range(pointer, index_end_ptr, 8184):
    header_index_block_ip = index[n * 8184:n * 8184 + 4]
    header_index_block_ptr = index_block
    header_index += header_index_block_ip + struct.pack('I', header_index_block_ptr)

    n += 1

  header_index += index[len(index) - 12: len(index) - 8] + struct.pack('I', index_end_ptr)

  with open(IP_REGION_FILE, 'wb') as f:
    f.write(super_block)
    f.write(header_index)
    f.seek(SUPER_BLOCK_LENGTH + HEADER_INDEX_LENGTH, 0)
    f.write(region)
    f.write(index)


if __name__ == '__main__':
  start_time = time.time()
  generate_db_file()

  print 'cost time: ', time.time() - start_time

# generate_to_redis.py
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import time
import json
from redis import Redis


def ip_to_num(x):
  return sum([256 ** j * int(i) for j, i in enumerate(x.split('.')[::-1])])


# 连接 Redis
conn = Redis(host='127.0.0.1', port=6379, db=10)

start_time = time.time()

# 文件格式
# 1.0.0.0|1.0.0.255|澳大利亚|0|0|0|0
# 1.0.1.0|1.0.3.255|中国|0|福建省|福州市|电信
with open('./ip.merge.txt', 'r') as f:
  i = 1
  for line in f.readlines():
    item = line.strip().split('|')
    # 将起始 IP 和结束 IP 添加到有序集合 ip2cityid
    # 成员分别是城市 ID 和 ID + #, 分值是根据 IP 计算的整数值
    conn.zadd('ip2cityid', str(i), ip_to_num(item[0]), str(i) + '#', ip_to_num(item[1]) + 1)
    # 将城市信息添加到散列 cityid2city，key 是城市 ID，值是城市信息的 json 序列
    conn.hset('cityid2city', str(i), json.dumps([item[2], item[3], item[4], item[5]]))

    i += 1

end_time = time.time()

print 'start_time: ' + str(start_time) + ', end_time: ' + str(end_time) + ', cost time: ' + str(end_time - start_time)

# test.py
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import sys
import time
import json
import socket
import struct
from redis import Redis

# 连接 Redis
conn = Redis(host='127.0.0.1', port=6379, db=10)

# 将 IP 转换成整数
ip = struct.unpack("!L", socket.inet_aton(sys.argv[1]))[0]

start_time = time.time()
# 将有序集合从大到小排序，取小于输入 IP 值的第一条数据
cityid = conn.zrevrangebyscore('ip2cityid', ip, 0, start=0, num=1)
# 如果返回 cityid 是空，或者匹配到了 # 号，说明没有找到对应地址段
if not cityid or cityid[0].endswith('#'):
  print 'no city info...'
else:
  # 根据城市 ID 到散列表取出城市信息
  ret = json.loads(conn.hget('cityid2city', cityid[0]))
  print ret[0], ret[1], ret[2]

end_time = time.time()
print 'start_time: ' + str(start_time) + ', end_time: ' + str(end_time) + ', cost time: ' + str(end_time - start_time)

# python generate_to_redis.py 
start_time: 1554300310.31, end_time: 1554300425.65, cost time: 115.333260059

# python test_2.py 1.0.16.0
日本 0 0
start_time: 1555081532.44, end_time: 1555081532.45, cost time: 0.000912189483643