(编辑：jimmy 日期: 2024/12/24 浏览：2)
1. 建表
postgres=# create table tb1(id integer,name character varying); CREATE TABLE postgres=# postgres=# insert into tb1 select generate_series(1,5),'aa'; INSERT 0 5
2. 返回单字段的多行（returns setof datatype）
不指定out参数，使用return next xx：
create or replace function func01()returns setof character varying as $$ declare n character varying; begin for i in 1..5 loop select name into n from tb1 where id=i; return next n; end loop; end $$ language plpgsql;
指定out参数，使用return next：
create or replace function func02(out character varying)returns setof character varying as $$ begin for i in 1..5 loop select name into $1from tb1 where id=i; return next; end loop; end $$ language plpgsql;
使用return query：
create or replace function func03()returns setof character varying as $$ begin for i in 1..5 loop return query(select name from tb1 where id=i); end loop; end $$language plpgsql;
3. 返回多列的多行（returns setog record）
不指定out参数，使用return next xx：
create or replace function func04()RETURNS SETOF RECORD as $$ declare r record; begin for i in 1..5 loop select * into r from tb1 where id=i; return next r; end loop; end; $$language plpgsql;
问题一：
postgres=# select func04(); ERROR: set-valued function called in context that cannot accept a set CONTEXT: PL/pgSQL function func04() line 7 at RETURN NEXT
解决：
If you call your set-returning function the wrong way (IOW the way you might normally call a function), you will get this error message: Set-valued function called in context that cannot accept a set. Incorrect: select sr_func(arg1, arg2, …); Correct: select * from sr_func(arg1, arg2, …);
问题二：
postgres=# select * from func04(); ERROR: a column definition list is required for functions returning "record" LINE 1: select * from func04();
解决：
postgres=# select * from func04() as t(id integer,name character varying); id | name ----+------ 1 | aa 2 | aa 3 | aa 4 | aa 5 | aa (5 rows)
这个问题在func04如果指定out参数就不会有问题，如下func05所示：
指定out参数，使用return next：
create or replace function func05(out out_id integer,out out_name character varying)returns setof record as $$ declare r record; begin for i in 1..5 loop select * into r from tb1 where id=i; out_id:=r.id; out_name:=r.name; return next; end loop; end; $$language plpgsql;
postgres=# select * from func05(); id | name ----+------ 1 | aa 2 | aa 3 | aa 4 | aa 5 | aa (5 rows)
使用return query：
create or replace function func06()returns setof record as $$ begin for i in 1..5 loop return query(select id,name from tb1 where id=i); end loop; end; $$language plpgsql;
postgres=# select * from func06() as t(id integer,name character varying); id | name ----+------ 1 | aa 2 | aa 3 | aa 4 | aa 5 | aa (5 rows)
补充：Postgresql - plpgsql - 从Function中查询并返回多行结果
通过plpgsql查询表，并返回多行的结果。
关于创建实验表插入数据这里就不说啦
返回查询结果
mytest=# create or replace function test_0830_5() returns setof test mytest-# as $$ mytest$# DECLARE mytest$# r test%rowtype; -- 将 mytest$# BEGIN mytest$# FOR r IN mytest$# SELECT * FROM test WHERE id > 0 mytest$# LOOP mytest$# RETURN NEXT r; mytest$# END LOOP; mytest$# RETURN; mytest$# END mytest$# $$ language plpgsql; CREATE FUNCTION mytest=# select test_0830_5(1); test_0830_5 ------------------------------------------ (2,abcabc,"2018-08-30 09:26:14.392187") ...... (11,abcabc,"2018-08-30 09:26:14.392187") (10 rows) mytest=# select * from test_0830_5(); id | col1 | col2 ----+--------+---------------------------- 2 | abcabc | 2018-08-30 09:26:14.392187 ...... 11 | abcabc | 2018-08-30 09:26:14.392187 (10 rows)
返回某列
mytest=# CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION test_0830_6(date) RETURNS SETOF integer AS $$
mytest$# BEGIN
mytest$# RETURN QUERY SELECT id
mytest$# FROM test
mytest$# WHERE col2 >= $1
mytest$# AND col2 < ($1 + 1);
mytest$# IF NOT FOUND THEN
mytest$# RAISE EXCEPTION 'No id at %.', $1;
mytest$# END IF;
mytest$# RETURN;
mytest$# END
mytest$# $$
mytest-# LANGUAGE plpgsql;
CREATE FUNCTION
mytest=# select test_0830_6('2018-08-30');
test_0830_6
-------------
2
......
11
(10 rows)
以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方，望不吝赐教。