(编辑:jimmy 日期: 2024/12/23 浏览:2)
Vim 是一个上古神器,刚刚接触的同学可能很难驾驭,本篇文章主要带领大家快速入门,并持续分享当前流行的一些 vim-plugin,有兴趣的同学还可以参考 to-vim-tmux-zsh 仓库继续研究 Tmux 和 Zsh。
Vim 的优势
新手指南
$ vimtutor // vim 教程
Vim 模式
移动光标
退出
删除
修改
撤销
复制粘贴剪切
文件
查找
替换
基本配置
创建 Vim 的配置文件 .vimrc
touch ~/.vimrc
文件编码
set enc=utf-8
不和 vi 兼容
set noswapfile
备份和撤销文件
set nobackup set noswapfile if has('persistent_undo') set undofile set undodir=~/.vim/undodir if !isdirectory(&undodir) call mkdir(&undodir, 'p', 0700) endif endif
中文
set fileencodings=ucs-bom,utf-8,gb18030,latin1
鼠标支持
if has('mouse') if has('gui_running') || (&term =~ 'xterm' && !has('mac')) set mouse=a else set mouse=nvi endif endif set clipboard=unnamed
设置文本菜单
if has('gui_running') let do_syntax_sel_menu = 1 let do_no_lazyload_menus = 1 endif if !has('gui_running') if has('wildmenu') set wildmenu set cpoptions-=< set wildcharm=<C-Z> nnoremap <F10> :emenu <C-Z> inoremap <F10> <C-O>:emenu <C-Z> endif endif
查找
set ignorecase set smartcase set hlsearch set incsearch nnoremap <silent> <F2> :nohlsearch<CR> inoremap <silent> <F2> <C-O>:nohlsearch<CR>
显示行号
set number
设置缩进
set shiftwidth=2 set tabstop=2
突出显示当前行
set cursorline
启动 vim 时关闭折叠代码
set nofoldenable
主题
syntax enable colorscheme one set background=dark
背景透明
hi Normal ctermfg=252 ctermbg=none
插件配置
使用 vim-plug 管理插件
树形目录
Plug 'scrooloose/nerdtree' " https://github.com/preservim/nerdtree Plug 'jistr/vim-nerdtree-tabs' " https://github.com/jistr/vim-nerdtree-tabs Plug 'Xuyuanp/nerdtree-git-plugin' " https://github.com/Xuyuanp/nerdtree-git-plugin Plug 'ryanoasis/vim-devicons' " https://github.com/ryanoasis/vim-devicons Plug 'tiagofumo/vim-nerdtree-syntax-highlight' " https://github.com/tiagofumo/vim-nerdtree-syntax-highlight Plug 'tpope/vim-eunuch' " https://github.com/tpope/vim-eunuch map <C-n> :NERDTreeToggle<CR> let NERDTreeMinimalUI = 1 let NERDTreeShowHidden = 1 let g:nerdtree_tabs_open_on_console_startup = 1 nnoremap <F5> :UndotreeToggle<cr> " i 在新的水平分割的窗口中打开 " s 在新的竖直分割的窗口中打开 " t 在标签页中打开 " go 预览文件 " r 刷新光标所在的目录 " R 刷新当前根路径 " I 显示隐藏文件 " m 显示文件操作菜单 " C 将根路径设置为光标所在的目录 " u 设置上级目录为根路径 " gT 前一个 tab " gt 后一个 tab " <C-W> 加方向键(h、j、k、l、<Left> 等)可以在窗口之间跳转 " <C-W> + w 跳转到下一个窗口 " <C-W> + s 和 :split 作用相同,把当前窗口横向一分为二 " <C-W> + v 和 :vsplit 作用相同,把当前窗口纵向一分为二 " <C-W> + o 或 :only 只保留当前窗口,关闭其他所有窗口
标签
Plug 'majutsushi/tagbar' " https://github.com/majutsushi/tagbar nnoremap <F9> :TagbarToggle<CR> inoremap <F9> <C-O>:TagbarToggle<CR>
自动补全
Plug 'Valloric/YouCompleteMe' " https://github.com/ycm-core/YouCompleteMe Plug 'Raimondi/delimitMate' " https://github.com/Raimondi/delimitMate nnoremap <Leader>fi :YcmCompleter FixIt<CR> nnoremap <Leader>gd :YcmCompleter GoToDefinition<CR>
语法高亮,检查
Plug 'sheerun/vim-polyglot' " https://github.com/sheerun/vim-polyglot Plug 'w0rp/ale' " https://github.com/w0rp/ale let g:ale_fix_on_save = 1 let g:ale_sign_column_always = 1 let g:ale_sign_error = '●' let g:ale_sign_warning = '"htmlcode">Plug 'junegunn/fzf', { 'do': { -> fzf#install() } } " https://github.com/junegunn/fzf Plug 'junegunn/fzf.vim' " https://github.com/junegunn/fzf.vim Plug 'ctrlpvim/ctrlp.vim' " https://github.com/ctrlpvim/ctrlp.vim let g:ctrlp_user_command = ['.git', 'cd %s && git ls-files -co --exclude-standard'] let g:ctrlp_regexp = 1 " <c-r>: 切换匹配模式 " <c-t>:在新的 tab 中打开 " :Rg状态条
Plug 'vim-airline/vim-airline' " https://github.com/vim-airline/vim-airline Plug 'vim-airline/vim-airline-themes' " https://github.com/vim-airline/vim-airline-themes let g:airline_theme='onedark' let g:airline_powerline_fonts = 1 let g:airline#extensions#tabline#enabled = 1 let g:airline#extensions#tabline#formatter = 'unique_tail' let g:airline#extensions#ale#enabled = 1 let g:airline#extensions#tabline#buffer_nr_show = 1 let g:airline#extensions#nerdtree_statusline = 0 let g:airline_section_c = ''注释
Plug 'scrooloose/nerdcommenter' " https://github.com/preservim/nerdcommenter let g:NERDSpaceDelims = 1 let g:NERDDefaultAlign = 'left' " <leader>c<space> 注释/取消注释 " <leader>ca 切换 // 和 /* */ " <leader>cs /* 块注释 */ " <leader>cm 只用一组符号注释 " <leader>cA 在行尾添加注释git
Plug 'airblade/vim-gitgutter' " https://github.com/airblade/vim-gitgutter Plug 'tpope/vim-fugitive' " https://github.com/tpope/vim-fugitive Plug 'tpope/vim-rhubarb' " https://github.com/tpope/vim-rhubarb set updatetime=100 let g:gitgutter_max_signs = -1 " jump to next hunk: ]c " jump to previous hunk: [c " stage the hunk: <Leader>hs " undo the hunk: <Leader>hu " preview the hunk: <Leader>hp " :G " :Gvdiffsplit " :GBrowse " " s: 加到暂存区中 " u: 重置加入暂存区的修改 " =: 切换 diff 显示 " cc: 提交当前暂存区中的文件Markdown
Plug 'iamcco/markdown-preview.nvim', { 'do': 'cd app && yarn install' } " https://github.com/iamcco/markdown-preview.nvim " :MarkdownPreview " :MarkdownPreviewStopEmmet
Plug 'mattn/emmet-vim' " https://github.com/mattn/emmet-vim let g:user_emmet_leader_key='<C-Z>' " <C-Z>,Prettier
Plug 'prettier/vim-prettier', { 'do': 'npm install' } " https://github.com/prettier/vim-prettier autocmd BufWritePre *.js,*.jsx,*.mjs,*.ts,*.tsx,*.css,*.less,*.scss,*.json,*.graphql,*.md,*.vue,*.yaml,*.html PrettierAsync " :PrettierAsyncWakatime
Plug 'wakatime/vim-wakatime' " https://github.com/wakatime/vim-wakatime "Whitespace
Plug 'ntpeters/vim-better-whitespace' " https://github.com/ntpeters/vim-better-whitespace let g:better_whitespace_enabled=1 " :StripWhitespace总结
最后,呈上 to-vim-tmux-zsh 仓库可供参考,顾名思义,除了 vim,还有 tmux 和 zsh 的相关内容。